History of the Town of Moora
Early Exploration and Settlement
The history of Moora begins in 1836, when George Fletcher Moore, Advocate-General of the Swan River Colony, explored the region while tracing the course of the Moore River that now bears his name. Moore’s journal entries described fertile river flats, grassy plains, and abundant water sources — land well suited to farming and grazing.
By the 1840s, the first pastoral leases were taken up by pioneering settlers who grazed sheep and cattle along the river. These early settlers were drawn to the region’s rich soils and natural springs. Farming expanded gradually, with crops such as wheat, barley, and oats being cultivated from the mid-1840s onwards.
The name “Moora” is believed to derive from a nearby Aboriginal well, located roughly three-quarters of a mile west of the present townsite. The name reflects both the European exploration and the deep Aboriginal heritage that long predates it.
Foundation of the Town
The townsite of Moora was officially gazetted on 12 April 1895, coinciding with the development of the Midland Railway line between Midland Junction and Walkaway. The railway transformed the district, providing a transport link for farm produce, livestock, and goods between inland communities and Perth.
By the late 1890s, Moora had developed into a small but thriving settlement. Early buildings included a galvanised iron hotel, a general store and post office (established c. 1896), and a police station (c. 1897). A courthouse and school soon followed, forming the foundation of a growing country town.
Growth of a Wheatbelt Centre
Throughout the early 20th century, Moora became a key agricultural hub within the northern Wheatbelt of Western Australia. The town served as a service centre for surrounding farming districts, supporting industries such as grain handling, wool production, and livestock trade.
With the introduction of mechanised farming, crop yields improved, and Moora became an important receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling (CBH). Today, it remains one of the region’s major grain receival and distribution points.
Moora’s central location — approximately 170 km north of Perth — has long made it a convenient base for rural businesses, agricultural contractors, and transport services. Over the decades, improved roads and rail connections have continued to strengthen its role as a regional centre for commerce, education, and community life.
Challenges and Resilience
Like many rural towns in Western Australia, Moora’s history has included periods of challenge and resilience.
One of the most significant events occurred in 1932, when prolonged heavy rains caused the Moore River to flood, submerging much of the town and damaging road and rail infrastructure. Moora was again severely affected by flooding in 1999, when Ex-Cyclone Elaine brought record rainfall, forcing mass evacuations and causing widespread damage to homes, businesses, and farmland.
Each time, the community rebuilt stronger than before, supported by regional cooperation and the enduring spirit of the Wheatbelt people. The town’s resilience is now part of its proud identity.
Moora During the 20th Century
During the mid-20th century, Moora continued to expand its public facilities and services. The establishment of schools, sporting clubs, churches, and community organisations reflected the growth of a stable, family-oriented community.
Moora also played a small but notable role during World War II, when regional transport and agricultural production contributed to the state’s wartime effort. In the post-war years, new infrastructure such as sealed roads, water supply upgrades, and power connections supported a steady population increase.
The Moora Shire Office, recreation facilities, and civic buildings developed through the late 20th century have positioned the town as a key administrative and cultural centre in the Wheatbelt region.
Moora Today
Today, Moora is a vibrant regional town with a strong sense of community and connection to its rich past. The local economy remains anchored in broadacre agriculture — including wheat, barley, lupins, sheep, and cattle — complemented by small businesses, manufacturing, and tourism.
Visitors to Moora can enjoy a welcoming country atmosphere, explore nearby natural attractions such as the Moore River, Alexander Morrison National Park, and wildflower trails, or experience the town’s cultural heritage through its art, festivals, and historic landmarks.
The Moora Historical Society preserves and promotes local history through the Moora Museum, which showcases early settler life, railway memorabilia, farming tools, and artefacts from the town’s development. Exhibits also include local wartime contributions and transport history.
A Place of Heritage and Community
From its Aboriginal origins to its early European settlement, railway beginnings, and agricultural evolution, Moora’s history tells a story of connection, growth, and resilience. It is a story deeply rooted in Country and community — where the past continues to shape a thriving future for residents and visitors alike.
References:
Adapted from the Shire of Moora Historical Records, Moora Historical Society Archives, and State Library of Western Australia.
Additional sources: